LESSON
GRAMMAR
Adverb clauses of time
STUDY
Adverb Clauses of Time
Tom spoke to Marcos
after Lena brought up the problem
.
When the computers arrived
, Marcos installed the software.
Lena told Marcos what she thought
before she spoke to Tom
.
As soon as Lena finishes the installation
, students can use
the computers.
We will keep working
until the computers are ready
.
PRACTICE
A
Read the steps in Lena’s procedure for installing a new computer.
Then complete the paragraph with
when
,
before
,
after
, and
until
.
1.
Make sure that nothing is missing from
the box.
2.
Set up the parts.
3.
Connect the keyboard, mouse, and monitor.
(1)
When
Lena receives new computers, she makes sure that nothing is
missing from the box. (2)
she checks the box, she sets up all of the
parts. Then she connects the keyboard, mouse, and monitor. She checks all of the
cords (3)
she turns the computer on. (4)
the computer
starts up, she connects to the Internet and registers the computer. She doesn’t
install any software (5)
she has finished registering. (6)
she finishes installing the software, the computer is ready for students to use.
B
On a separate piece of paper, combine each pair of sentences, using the adverb in
parentheses. Don’t change the order of the sentences. Use a comma if necessary.
1.
The computers arrived. Lena called Marcos. (after)
After the computers arrived, Lena called Marcos.
2.
Marcos started setting the computers up. They were delivered to Room 320. (as soon as)
3.
Tom will speak to Marcos. Tom will go home at 5:00. (before)
4.
Marcos gets annoyed. Students ask him questions. (when)
5.
Lena will come to work at 8:00 tomorrow. She will see Marcos. (when)
GROUPS
Student A:
Make a statement using an adverb clause of time.
Student B:
Make a
new statement using either one of Student A’s clauses. Either keep the clause as is or make
it into a new adverb clause of time. Continue around the group.
Student A:
When I got to school this morning, I bought a cup of coffee.
Student B:
After I bought the cup of coffee, I did my homework.
Student C:
I did my homework until class started.
4.
Check the cords.
5.
Turn on the computer.
6.
Register the computer.
7.
Install software.
WHAT ABOUT YOU?
5
●
When the adverb clause
comes before the main
clause, use a comma
between the clauses.
●
For sentences with a future
meaning, use a present
tense verb form in the
adverb clause.
Grammar Note
UNIT 8
109
