AUDIO SCRIPTS
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exact. After such a terrible war, they
founded the UN in order to maintain
world peace and security, to develop
friendly relations between countries
and to improve living conditions and
human rights across the world. There
are now 191 countries in the UN –
that’s nearly every country in the world
– and representatives from these
countries meet at the UN headquarters
in New York.
For most people, the Secretary General
of the UN is the face of this massive
organisation. The Secretary General is
the person that we usually see on the
television news when the UN does
something important. Over the years,
the Secretary General has come from
many different countries, such as
Egypt, Peru and Sweden, and the
Secretary General usually changes
every five or ten years.
The UN works in a wide range of
areas, with a general aim to improve
the lives of ordinary people and to
keep peace in the world. For example,
the UN helps refugees, helps the
economic development of poorer
countries and runs the Court of
International Justice. Two areas that the
UN is not involved in are
entertainment and religious education.
LESSON 10.1 RECORDING 10.3
G = Geoff, F = Fatima
G:
Hi, I’m Geoff.
F:
Hello, Geoff. Fatima. Nice to meet
you.
G:
Likewise.
F:
Thank you for meeting to discuss
your schedule for your first trip,
which is next month, to Ghana.
G:
Good to be here. I’m excited about
this – I hope you’re not planning to
make my trip too busy, as it’s my
first one.
F:
It’ll be fine, I’m sure. OK, so look
at the first slide and it gives the
plan for the first week. Obviously,
we’ll send this to you by email
after we confirm it at this meeting.
G:
OK.
F:
So, on Saturday, you’re flying to
Accra, and Sunday is a rest day.
On Monday, you’re going to a
charity theatre school for children.
G:
Sounds interesting. What am
I doing there?
F:
Yes, so, um, at ten, you’re meeting
the drama teachers, then after
lunch, there’s a performance by
the children. Then, at four, you’re
giving a press conference with
we need delivery in two weeks.
Can you do that?
L:
Two weeks? No, I’m afraid we
can’t do that.
R:
Really?
L:
Really. I’m afraid they won’t be
ready for delivery by then. Thirty
days is the best we can do.
R:
OK, that’ll be fine. Perhaps we can
change things next time.
L:
OK, then. So, you order 850 IP4
music players at $87 per item, and
we deliver in 30 days. Is that a
deal?
R:
That’s a deal.
L:
Excellent. Is there anything else
you’re interested in? We’re offering
a great deal on digital cameras at
the moment.
R:
Really? Oh! What’s the deal? If it’s
a good bargain, I might be
interested. Which model …?
LESSON 9.4 VIDEO
RECORDING 9
L = L
ouise
,
T1 = Tourist 1,
T2 = Tourist 2
L:
Good morning everyone.
Welcome to the
Wonderful
World of Chocolate
! My name’s
Louise and I am your guide this
morning. There’s a good number
of you so please come in further,
there are still a couple of seats
at the front … Now, has anyone
been here before? No? OK, so
it’s everybody’s first time. All
right, so let me tell you about this
morning’s tour. It will last about
an hour and a half. First of all, I’m
going to tell you a few key things
about the history of chocolate,
then I’ll say a little bit about the
company and after that I’ll say a
few words about how chocolate is
made. All that will take about ten
minutes. Then we’ll go round the
factory. How does that sound?
T1:
Great. Will we taste any
chocolate?
L:
Oh, yes. Don’t worry about that.
There’ll be a chance to taste some
of our delicious products at the
end!
OK. So, let’s look at the history
of chocolate. To start with, does
anybody know where chocolate
first came from?
T2:
From Latin America, I think.
L:
Yes, that’s right. It was the Mayans
(who lived in what’s now Central
America and Mexico) who
first discovered the delights of
chocolate in about 600AD. They
found that they could make a
delicious drink from roasted cocoa
beans. Hmm. For those of you
who aren’t sure of the meaning of
roasted… it’s just another way of
saying cooked in an oven.
T1:
OK …
L:
Good. So, the Mayans had their
chocolate drink which they
decided to call ‘chocolatl’. It was
a real luxury because cocoa beans
were very valuable. In fact, people
sometimes used to give them as
presents, or even used them as
money. Soon, chocolate spread
to the Aztec civilisation around
mod
ern
Mexico City.
In 1517, the Spaniard, Hernán
Cortés, arrived in Mexico. He
travelled to meet the Aztec
emperor, Moctezuma, who
introduced Cortés to his favourite
drink – chocolatl. They served the
drink to Cortés in a cup made of
gold. If you look at the slide, you
can see them drinking together.
When Cortés returned to Spain
in 1528, he loaded his ships with
cocoa beans and equipment for
making the chocolate drink. Soon
chocolate became a popular drink
with rich people in Spain. But it
took nearly 100 years for the news
of cocoa and chocolate to spread
across Europe, as the Spanish kept
it a secret.
In the 17th century, chocolate
houses – like coffee shops today
– became popular in London
and other European cities. But it
wasn’t until the 19th century that
chocolate became cheaper and
available to a large percentage of
the population. Also in the 19th
century, they found a way to make
chocolate hard, solid – to make
the eating
chocolate we love today!
So, that was a very brief history of
chocolate. To sum up, it started as a
drink in Central America, it came to
Europe with the Spanish, it spread
slowly across the continent and
finally became something a lot of
people could afford to eat.
Now, I know you’re all very keen to
start the tour, but let’s now turn to
the company for just a minute …
LESSON 10.1 RECORDING 10.1
Fifty countries founded the United
Nations after the Second World War,
on the 24th of October 1945, to be
