40
4.3
CHANGES
LISTENING
1
What medical developments do you think will
happen in the next 100 years?
2
4.5
Listen to six doctors and medical researchers
predicting what medical developments will take place.
Tick the topics which are mentioned.
1
radiation
4
blindness
2
heart attacks
5
obesity
3
knee injuries
6
cancer
3
Listen again. Match statements a–i with extracts 1–6.
There are three extra statements.
a
People will wear airbag suits to avoid injury to their knees.
b
Cancer is probably not going to be a problem.
c
We will have developed the ability to diagnose at
birth all known genetic diseases.
d
Scientists will have created miniature robots capable
of performing microsurgery.
e
X-rays and radiation will still be around.
f
We probably won’t be able to grow a baby
completely outside a woman’s body.
g
We will probably find a genetic way to cure the main
cause of blindness.
h
Most medical education will be done at a distance.
i
We will be able to help people exposed to radiation
through research in space.
4
Work with a partner. Which of the developments do
you think will be the most useful?
VOCABULARY
DEPENDENT PREPOSITIONS
5
a
Write the prepositions that follow these verbs. Then
look at Audio script 4.5 on page 172 to check. Look at
Extracts 1, 3, 4 and 6.
1
focus
5
worry
2
succeed
6
agree
3
suffer
7
protect
4
recover
8
care
5
b
Complete the sentences with verbs and prepositions
from Exercise 5a.
1
Has he
his illness yet?
2
I feel very lonely and I
depression.
3
He spent five years
his aged mother.
4
This net should
you
mosquitoes.
5
Parents are often anxious and
their children.
6
The doctor
me that while she’s sick, she needs
a little extra care.
7
You need to concentrate and
your exams.
8
You have to work hard if you want to do well and
medicine.
6
a
Complete the questions with the prepositions in the box.
about for in
on with
1
What do you complain
the most?
2
Who is the most difficult person you have to deal
?
3
What courses have you applied
recently?
4
What subject have you / would you like to specialise
?
5
Who can you rely
the most?
6
b
Work with a partner and ask and answer the questions.
GRAMMAR
FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE, FUTURE SIMPLE
7
a
Look at these examples of the future perfect simple
and choose the correct alternative in the explanation.
1
By 2120, engineers
will have developed
a ‘smart suit’.
2
In 100 years
we will have developed
a way to protect
astronauts from radiation.
GRAMMAR TIP
We use the future perfect simple for an action
completed before a point in time in the future / in
progress at a time in the future
.
7
b
Now complete this rule for the formation of the
future perfect simple.
The future perfect simple =
/won’t
+
+ past
participle (e.g.
developed
)
¬
Language reference and extra practice, pages 126–149
8
Look at Audio script 4.5 on page 172 and underline
examples of the following. Do the adverbs come before or
after
will
and
won’t
?
1
the future perfect simple
2
the future simple
3
adverbs of certainty (e.g.
certainly, possibly
)
9
Complete this company announcement using the
correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Anderson Bio-Sciences announces its takeover next week of the
Essex-based company HGP. Together, ABS and HGP
1
(form) the largest genetic engineering company in the
UK, and by 2025, we
2
(expand) to employ over 1,000
people. In addition, by 2025, the company
3
(become) the largest employer of medical researchers in the
country. HGP has made exciting discoveries about the human
chromosome set and we
4
(publish) that knowledge on
the internet. This
5
(revolutionise) biology and medicine
and
6
(give) researchers huge potential to develop new
drugs. In 2025, medical records
7
(include) people’s complete genomes and this
8
(permit) doctors to treat people as genetic individuals.
By 2025, the company
9
(make) substantial progress
towards true ‘cloning’ of certain organs.
10
Write five sentences about yourself using the future
simple or the future perfect simple. Use time references
as well.
